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Manzanar, Diverted Delve Deeper Delver Even Deeper

Delver Even Deeper

Ed. Abolition Collective. Abolishing Carceral Society (Abolition: Journal of Insurgency Politics 1).Brooklyn,: Common Notions, 2018. '
This collection presents contemporary voices in the revolutionary abolitionist movement with a creative range of approaches to dismantling interlocking institutions of oppression and transforming the world.

Drinnon, Richard. Keeper of the Concentration Camps: Dillon S. Myer and American Racism.Berkeley,: University of California Press, 1989.
Analyzing the career of Dillon S. Myer, Director of the War Relocation Authority during WWII and Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs from 1950-53, Richard Drinnon shows that the pattern for the Japanese internment was set a century earlier by the removal, confinement, and scattering of Native Americans.

Ewan, Rebecca Fish. A Land Between: Owens Valley, California (Center Books on Space, Place, and TIme).Baltimore,: Johns Hopkins Press, 2000.
A unique landscape history, A Land Between explores the central idea of how people's preconceptions and perceptions of a place―in this case, Owens Valley―influence their interventions on the land. Rebecca Fish Ewan draws on primary sources, oral histories, and conversations, offering a story that reaches beyond the oft-told tale of water wars with Los Angeles. Ewan's gentle and poetic essays, illustrated with historical images and her own photographs of the region, provide a complex, multifaceted perspective on the land, the history, and the people of Owens Valley.

Freeman, Andrew. Manzanar, Architecture Double.Monica, CA,: Ram Publications & Dist;, 2006.
A richly illustrated display of history, memory, and the contingencies of remembrance. Photographer Andrew Freeman’s [Manzanar] Architecture Double is a work based on mapping, tracing and recovering through photography the buildings which originally made up Manzanar, the notorious Japanese-American internment camp in California’s Owens Valley. At the end of World War II, the federal government moved quickly to dismantle the camp, selling off hundreds of the barracks to anyone who would move them to another location. But even though the camp itself “disappeared,” the buildings live on. Manzanar documents the current condition and location of many buildings used at the camp, and in the process expresses how man indelibly layers the land with history, landscape and architecture. As Matthew Coolidge, director at the Center of Land Use and Interpretation, writes, “Each of the buildings is an architectural face that speaks of the assimilation of this dark side or the American story

Hirahara, Naoimi. Life After Manzanar.Berkley: Heyday, 2018.
Life After Manzanar delves into “Resettlement”: the relatively unexamined period when ordinary people of Japanese ancestry, having been unjustly imprisoned during World War II, were finally released from custody. Given twenty-five dollars and a one-way bus ticket to make a new life, some ventured east to Denver and Chicago to start over, while others returned to Southern California only to face discrimination and an alarming scarcity of housing and jobs. Hirahara and Lindquist weave new and archival oral histories into an engaging narrative that illuminates the lives of former internees in the postwar era, both in struggle and unlikely triumph. Readers will appreciate the painstaking efforts that rebuilding required, and will feel inspired by the activism that led to redress and restitution-and that built a community that even now speaks out against other racist agendas.

Madley, Benjamin. An American Genocide: The United States and the Carlifornia Indian Catastrophe, 1846-1873.New Haven,: Yale University Press, 2017.
Between 1846 and 1873, California’s Indian population plunged from perhaps 150,000 to 30,000. Benjamin Madley is the first historian to uncover the full extent of the slaughter, the involvement of state and federal officials, the taxpayer dollars that supported the violence, indigenous resistance, who did the killing, and why the killings ended. This deeply researched book is a comprehensive and chilling history of an American genocide.

Mansen, Arthur A. Barbed Voices: Oral History, Resistance, and the World War II Japanese American Social Disaster (Nikkei in the Americas).Boulder,: University Press of Colorado, 2018.
Barbed Voices is an anthology of articles written by the Japanese American historian, Arthur Hansen, updated and annotated for contemporary context.

Meyers, Bahr Diana. Viola Martinez, California Paiute: Living in Two Worlds.Norman, OK,: University of Oklahoma Press, 2010.
The life story of Viola Martinez, an Owens Valley Paiute Indian of eastern California, extends over nine decades of the twentieth century. Viola experienced forced assimilation in an Indian boarding school, overcame racial stereotypes to pursue a college degree, and spent several years working at a Japanese American internment camp during World War II. Finding herself poised uncertainly between Indian and white worlds, Viola was determined to turn her marginalized existence into an opportunity for personal empowerment. In Viola Martinez, California Paiute, Diana Meyers Bahr recounts Viola’s extraordinary life story and examines her strategies for dealing with acculturation.

Piper, Karen Fname. Left in the Dust: How Race and Politics Created a Human and Environmental Tragedy in LA.New York,: St. Martin’s Press, 2006.
To get water to Los Angeles, the Owens River was diverted and Owens Lake dried out. The dry lakebed now contains a dust saturated with toxic heavy metals, which are blown away from the lake and inhaled by people throughout the Midwest, causing major health issues. Karen Piper,, one of the people who grew up breathing that dust takes a look at how this happened and how people outside of urban areas are forgotten or sacrificed when it comes to urban growth.

Reisner, Marc. Cadillac Desert: The American Desert and Its Disappearing Water, Revised Edition.New York,: Penguin Books, 1993.
The story of the American West is the story of a relentless quest for a precious resource: water. It is a tale of rivers diverted and dammed, of political corruption and intrigue, of billion-dollar battles over water rights, of ecological and economic disaster. In his landmark book, Cadillac Desert, Marc Reisner writes of the earliest settlers, lured by the promise of paradise, and of the ruthless tactics employed by Los Angeles politicians and business interests to ensure the city's growth. He documents the bitter rivalry between two government giants, the Bureau of Reclamation and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, in the competition to transform the West. Based on more than a decade of research, Cadillac Desert is a stunning expose and a dramatic, intriguing history of the creation of an Eden--an Eden that may only be a mirage.

Robinson, Alexander. The Spoils of Dust: Reinventing the Lake that Made Los Angeles.Redondo Beach, CA,: Applied Research and Design, 2018.
Part environmental history, landscape atlas, and speculative design research, The Spoils of Dust examines the unlikely reinvention of Owens Lake by the city that dried it. Once the third-largest lake in California and among the world’s greatest sources of dust, for decades the dried Owens Lake was merely a footnote to the most notorious water grab in modern history. Now, the desert lake has been reassembled―not refilled―to redeem its lost value without returning Los Angeles’s main water supply.

Wehrey, Jane. Manzanar (Images of America).Mt. Pleasant, SC,: Arcadia Publishing, 2008.
East of the rugged Sierra Nevada in California's Owens Valley lies Manzanar. Founded in 1910 as a fruit-growing colony, it was named in Spanish for the fragrant apple orchards that once filled its spectacularly scenic landscape. Owens Valley Paiute lived there first, followed by white homesteaders and ranchers. But with the onset of World War II came a new identity as the first of 10 "relocation centers" hastily built in 1942 to house 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry, two-thirds of them American citizens, removed from the West Coast. In the face of upheaval and loss, Manzanar's 10,000 confined residents created parks, gardens, and a functioning wartime community within the camp's barbed-wire-enclosed square mile of flimsy barracks. Today Manzanar National Historic Site commemorates this and all of Manzanar's unique communities.

Wehrey, Jane. The Owens Valley (Images of America.Mt. Pleasant, SC,: Arcadia Publishing, 2013.
The Owens Valley is a bold and beautiful land where rugged alpine peaks tower over the deep trough of high desert that John Muir called "a country of wonderful contrasts." Inhabiting a rich and complex past are native people, miners, cattlemen, farmers, and city builders who laid claim, often violently, to its resources. By 1913, Owens River water was flowing south through the Los Angeles Aqueduct, and from the long and bitter conflicts that followed emerged an Owens Valley future far removed from the agrarian Eden envisioned by 19th-century pioneers. Today, unparalleled recreational opportunities draw millions of visitors annually to this "long brown land" even as reminders of a quintessential Western past linger in its open vistas, epic landscape, and enduring traditions.

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About the author:

Susan Conlon

Susan Conlon
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